1243 lines
42 KiB
HTML
1243 lines
42 KiB
HTML
<!doctype html>
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<html
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lang="cs"
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dir="ltr"
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class="scroll-smooth"
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data-auto-appearance="true"><head><script src="/livereload.js?mindelay=10&v=2&port=1313&path=livereload" data-no-instant defer></script>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<meta http-equiv="content-language" content="cs">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
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<meta name="theme-color">
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<title>O Arch Linuxu · Arch Linux CZ</title>
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<meta name="title" content="O Arch Linuxu · Arch Linux CZ">
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<meta name="description" content="Česká komunita Arch Linuxu">
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<link rel="canonical" href="http://localhost:1313/co-je-arch-linux/">
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<meta name="author" content="Arch Linux CZ">
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<link href="https://arch-linux.cz/@arch" rel="me">
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<link href="https://git.arch-linux.cz/ArchlinuxCz" rel="me">
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<link href="https://matrix.to/#/#archlinuxcz:matrix.org" rel="me">
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<link href="/index.xml" rel="me">
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<meta property="og:url" content="http://localhost:1313/co-je-arch-linux/">
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<meta property="og:site_name" content="Arch Linux CZ">
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<meta property="og:title" content="O Arch Linuxu">
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<meta property="og:description" content="Arch Linux je nezávislá linuxová distribuce vytvořená Juddem Vinetem, jenž se inspiroval distribucí CRUX Linux. Arch Linux je vyvíjen jako nenáročný, odlehčený a snadno přizpůsobitelný systém.
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Vývoj začal již v roce 2001 a první verzi Archu vydal Judd Vinet v roce 2002. Ten také byl do roku 2007 hlavním vývojářem. Od roku 2007 je hlavním vývojářem Archu Aaron Griffin.
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Arch je od začátku svého vývoje až do dneška nezávisle vyvíjenou komunitní distribucí.">
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<meta property="og:locale" content="cs">
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<meta property="og:type" content="article">
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<meta property="article:published_time" content="2021-12-11T00:00:00+00:00">
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<meta property="article:modified_time" content="2021-12-11T00:00:00+00:00">
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<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary">
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="O Arch Linuxu">
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="Arch Linux je nezávislá linuxová distribuce vytvořená Juddem Vinetem, jenž se inspiroval distribucí CRUX Linux. Arch Linux je vyvíjen jako nenáročný, odlehčený a snadno přizpůsobitelný systém.
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Vývoj začal již v roce 2001 a první verzi Archu vydal Judd Vinet v roce 2002. Ten také byl do roku 2007 hlavním vývojářem. Od roku 2007 je hlavním vývojářem Archu Aaron Griffin.
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Arch je od začátku svého vývoje až do dneška nezávisle vyvíjenou komunitní distribucí.">
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<link
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type="text/css"
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rel="stylesheet"
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href="/css/main.bundle.min.07a8088c33086a4f22f8c0e9b9dd8b3d24774753ce35a341034d6f7c1e249b72e184af812c1341e6a62df443da9e4bb28feddf7f5c6f07b24a20a900ef559483.css"
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<script
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<script src="/lib/zoom/zoom.min.umd.a527109b68c082a70f3697716dd72a9d5aa8b545cf800cecbbc7399f2ca6f6e0ce3e431f2062b48bbfa47c9ea42822714060bef309be073f49b9c0e30d318d7b.js" integrity="sha512-pScQm2jAgqcPNpdxbdcqnVqotUXPgAzsu8c5nyym9uDOPkMfIGK0i7+kfJ6kKCJxQGC+8wm+Bz9JucDjDTGNew=="></script>
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<script
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defer
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<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/apple-touch-icon.png">
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<link rel="manifest" href="/site.webmanifest">
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<script type="application/ld+json">
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</head>
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<body class="flex flex-col h-screen m-auto leading-7 max-w-7xl px-6 sm:px-14 md:px-24 lg:px-32 text-lg bg-neutral text-neutral-900 dark:bg-neutral-800 dark:text-neutral bf-scrollbar">
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<div id="the-top" class="absolute flex self-center">
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<a
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href="#main-content">
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<span class="font-bold text-primary-600 pe-2 dark:text-primary-400">↓</span>
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Přeskočit na hlavní obsah
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</a>
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</div>
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<div class="main-menu flex items-center w-full gap-2 p-1 pl-0">
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<div>
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<a href="/" class="flex">
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<span class="sr-only">Arch Linux CZ</span>
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<img
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src="/img/logo.png"
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width="32"
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height="32"
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class="logo max-h-20 max-w-20 object-scale-down object-left nozoom"
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alt="">
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</a>
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</div>
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<a href="/" class="text-base font-medium truncate min-w-0 shrink">
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Arch Linux CZ
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</a>
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<div class="flex items-center ms-auto">
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<div class="hidden md:flex">
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<nav class="flex items-center gap-x-5 h-12">
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<a
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href="/"
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class="flex items-center bf-icon-color-hover"
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aria-label="Domů"
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title="Arch Linux CZ">
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<span class="text-base font-medium break-normal">
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Domů
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</span>
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</a>
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<a
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href="/categories/n%C3%A1vody/"
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class="flex items-center bf-icon-color-hover"
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aria-label="Návody"
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title="">
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<span class="text-base font-medium break-normal">
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Návody
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</span>
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</a>
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<a
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href="/categories/zrp%C3%A1vy/"
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class="flex items-center bf-icon-color-hover"
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aria-label="Zprávy"
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title="">
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<span class="text-base font-medium break-normal">
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Zprávy
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</span>
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</a>
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<a
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href="/o-arch-linuxu/"
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class="flex items-center bf-icon-color-hover"
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aria-label="O Arch Linuxu"
|
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title="Co je Arch Linux">
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<span class="text-base font-medium break-normal">
|
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O Arch Linuxu
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</span>
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</a>
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<a
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href="https://wiki.arch-linux.cz/shelves/arch-linux-cz"
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target="_blank"
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class="flex items-center bf-icon-color-hover"
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aria-label="Wiki"
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title="">
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<span class="text-base font-medium break-normal">
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Wiki
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</span>
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</a>
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<a
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href="https://forum.arch-linux.cz/"
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target="_blank"
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class="flex items-center bf-icon-color-hover"
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aria-label="Fórum"
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title="">
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<span class="text-base font-medium break-normal">
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Fórum
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</span>
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</a>
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<a
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href="/komunita/"
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class="flex items-center bf-icon-color-hover"
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aria-label="Komunita"
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title="Komunita">
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<span class="text-base font-medium break-normal">
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Komunita
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</span>
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</a>
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<a
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href="/podporte-nas/"
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class="flex items-center bf-icon-color-hover"
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aria-label="Podpořte nás"
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title="Podpořte nás">
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<span class="text-base font-medium break-normal">
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Podpořte nás
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</span>
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</a>
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<button
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id="search-button"
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aria-label="Search"
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class="text-base bf-icon-color-hover"
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title="Vyhledat (/)">
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<span class="relative block icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="search" class="svg-inline--fa fa-search fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M505 442.7L405.3 343c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7H372c27.6-35.3 44-79.7 44-128C416 93.1 322.9 0 208 0S0 93.1 0 208s93.1 208 208 208c48.3 0 92.7-16.4 128-44v16.3c0 6.4 2.5 12.5 7 17l99.7 99.7c9.4 9.4 24.6 9.4 33.9 0l28.3-28.3c9.4-9.4 9.4-24.6.1-34zM208 336c-70.7 0-128-57.2-128-128 0-70.7 57.2-128 128-128 70.7 0 128 57.2 128 128 0 70.7-57.2 128-128 128z"/></svg>
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</button>
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<div class="flex items-center">
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<button
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id="appearance-switcher"
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aria-label="Dark mode switcher"
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type="button"
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class="text-base bf-icon-color-hover">
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<div class="flex items-center justify-center dark:hidden">
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<span class="relative block icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M32 256c0-123.8 100.3-224 223.8-224c11.36 0 29.7 1.668 40.9 3.746c9.616 1.777 11.75 14.63 3.279 19.44C245 86.5 211.2 144.6 211.2 207.8c0 109.7 99.71 193 208.3 172.3c9.561-1.805 16.28 9.324 10.11 16.95C387.9 448.6 324.8 480 255.8 480C132.1 480 32 379.6 32 256z"/></svg>
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</span>
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</div>
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<div class="items-center justify-center hidden dark:flex">
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<span class="relative block icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256 159.1c-53.02 0-95.1 42.98-95.1 95.1S202.1 351.1 256 351.1s95.1-42.98 95.1-95.1S309 159.1 256 159.1zM509.3 347L446.1 255.1l63.15-91.01c6.332-9.125 1.104-21.74-9.826-23.72l-109-19.7l-19.7-109c-1.975-10.93-14.59-16.16-23.72-9.824L256 65.89L164.1 2.736c-9.125-6.332-21.74-1.107-23.72 9.824L121.6 121.6L12.56 141.3C1.633 143.2-3.596 155.9 2.736 164.1L65.89 256l-63.15 91.01c-6.332 9.125-1.105 21.74 9.824 23.72l109 19.7l19.7 109c1.975 10.93 14.59 16.16 23.72 9.824L256 446.1l91.01 63.15c9.127 6.334 21.75 1.107 23.72-9.822l19.7-109l109-19.7C510.4 368.8 515.6 356.1 509.3 347zM256 383.1c-70.69 0-127.1-57.31-127.1-127.1c0-70.69 57.31-127.1 127.1-127.1s127.1 57.3 127.1 127.1C383.1 326.7 326.7 383.1 256 383.1z"/></svg>
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</button>
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</div>
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</nav>
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</div>
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<div class="flex md:hidden">
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<div class="flex items-center h-14 gap-4">
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<button
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||
id="search-button-mobile"
|
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aria-label="Search"
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class="flex items-center justify-center bf-icon-color-hover"
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title="Vyhledat (/)">
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<span class="relative block icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="search" class="svg-inline--fa fa-search fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M505 442.7L405.3 343c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7H372c27.6-35.3 44-79.7 44-128C416 93.1 322.9 0 208 0S0 93.1 0 208s93.1 208 208 208c48.3 0 92.7-16.4 128-44v16.3c0 6.4 2.5 12.5 7 17l99.7 99.7c9.4 9.4 24.6 9.4 33.9 0l28.3-28.3c9.4-9.4 9.4-24.6.1-34zM208 336c-70.7 0-128-57.2-128-128 0-70.7 57.2-128 128-128 70.7 0 128 57.2 128 128 0 70.7-57.2 128-128 128z"/></svg>
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</button>
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<button
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id="appearance-switcher-mobile"
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type="button"
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aria-label="Dark mode switcher"
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class="flex items-center justify-center text-neutral-900 hover:text-primary-600 dark:text-neutral-200 dark:hover:text-primary-400">
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<div class="dark:hidden">
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|
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O Arch Linuxu
|
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|
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<div class="flex flex-row flex-wrap items-center">
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<time datetime="2021-12-11T00:00:00+00:00">11. prosince 2021</time><span class="px-2 text-primary-500">·</span><span>392 slov</span><span class="px-2 text-primary-500">·</span><span title="Doba čtení">2 min</span>
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|
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Arch Linux CZ
|
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|
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|
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<div class="text-sm text-neutral-700 dark:text-neutral-400">Návody, novinky a podpora pro uživatele Arch Linuxu v češtině.</div>
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<p><strong>Arch Linux</strong> je nezávislá <a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linuxov%C3%A1_distribuce" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">linuxová distribuce</a> vytvořená <a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judd_Vinet" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Juddem Vinetem</a>, jenž se inspiroval distribucí CRUX Linux. Arch Linux je vyvíjen jako nenáročný, odlehčený a snadno přizpůsobitelný systém.</p>
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<p><figure><img
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class="my-0 rounded-md"
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loading="lazy"
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decoding="async"
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fetchpriority="low"
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alt=""
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src="https://arch-linux.cz/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/external-content.duckduckgo.com_-1.jpg"
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></figure>
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</p>
|
||
<p>Vývoj začal již v roce 2001 a první verzi Archu vydal <a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judd_Vinet" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Judd Vinet</a> v roce 2002. Ten také byl do roku 2007 hlavním vývojářem. Od roku 2007 je hlavním vývojářem Archu <a href="https://www.Archlinux.org/people/developers/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Aaron Griffin</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>Arch je od začátku svého vývoje až do dneška nezávisle vyvíjenou komunitní distribucí.</p>
|
||
|
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<h2 class="relative group">Zásady
|
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<div id="zásady" class="anchor"></div>
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||
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<span
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class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
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<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#z%c3%a1sady" aria-label="Kotva">#</a>
|
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</span>
|
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|
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</h2>
|
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|
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<h4 class="relative group">Jednoduchost
|
||
<div id="jednoduchost" class="anchor"></div>
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<span
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class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
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<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#jednoduchost" aria-label="Kotva">#</a>
|
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</span>
|
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|
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</h4>
|
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<p>Arch je v základu odlehčená a vysoce flexibilní distribuce, která po instalaci poskytuje pouze minimální prostředí bez grafického uživatelského rozhraní. Většina ostatních distribucí nabízí tuto možnost také, ale většinou ne jako hlavní a už vůbec ne jedinou variantu pro instalaci.</p>
|
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<h4 class="relative group">Modernost
|
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<div id="modernost" class="anchor"></div>
|
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<span
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class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
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<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#modernost" aria-label="Kotva">#</a>
|
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</span>
|
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</h4>
|
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<p>Arch Linux se snaží udržovat nejnovější stabilní verze svého softwaru, pokud lze rozumně zabránit systémovému rozbití balíčků. Je založen na systému <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_release" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">rolling-release</a> , který umožňuje jednorázovou instalaci s průběžnými aktualizacemi.</p>
|
||
<p>Arch obsahuje mnoho novějších funkcí dostupných uživatelům GNU/Linuxu, včetně <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Systemd" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">systemd</a> init systému, moderních <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/File_systems" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">souborových systémů</a> , LVM2, softwarového RAID, podpory udev a initcpio (s <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Mkinitcpio" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">mkinitcpio</a> ), stejně jako nejnovější dostupná jádra.</p>
|
||
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<h4 class="relative group">Všestrannost
|
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<div id="všestrannost" class="anchor"></div>
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<span
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class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
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<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#v%c5%a1estrannost" aria-label="Kotva">#</a>
|
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</span>
|
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|
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</h4>
|
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<p>Arch Linux je univerzální distribuce. Po instalaci je k dispozici pouze prostředí příkazového řádku: namísto trhání nepotřebných a nechtěných balíčků je uživateli nabídnuta možnost vytvořit si vlastní systém výběrem z tisíců vysoce kvalitních balíčků poskytovaných v <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Official_repositories" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">oficiálních repozitářích</a>.</p>
|
||
|
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<h4 class="relative group">Balíčkovací systém
|
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|
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<span
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class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
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<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#bal%c3%ad%c4%8dkovac%c3%ad-syst%c3%a9m" aria-label="Kotva">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
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|
||
</h4>
|
||
<p>Jako většina jiných distribucí poskytuje Arch správce balíčků, jeho grafické uživatelské nadstavby a sadu oficiálních repozitářů. Kromě toho poskytuje ale i další možnosti: uživatelský repozitář AUR, kde jsou tisíce balíčků, které lze velmi snadno překládat a instalovat pomocí vlastních nástrojů Archu.</p>
|
||
<p>Arch User Repository (AUR) je komunitou řízené úložiště pro uživatele Archu. Obsahuje popisy balíčků ( <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/PKGBUILD" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">PKGBUILDs</a> ), které vám umožňují sestavit balíček ze zdrojového <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Makepkg" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">kódu</a> pomocí <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Makepkg" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">makepkg</a> a poté jej nainstalovat přes <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Pacman#Additional_commands" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">pacman</a> . AUR byl vytvořen, aby organizoval a sdílel nové balíčky z komunity a pomohl urychlit začlenění oblíbených balíčků do <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Community_repository" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">komunitního úložiště</a> . Tento dokument vysvětluje, jak mohou uživatelé přistupovat a využívat AUR.</p>
|
||
<p>Velký počet nových balíčků, které vstupují do oficiálních repozitářů, začíná v AUR. V AUR mohou uživatelé přispívat svými vlastními sestaveními balíčků ( <code>PKGBUILD</code>a souvisejícími soubory). Komunita AUR má možnost hlasovat pro balíčky v AUR. Pokud se balíček stane dostatečně populárním – za předpokladu, že má kompatibilní licenci a dobrou balicí techniku – může být vložen do <em>komunitního</em> úložiště (přímo přístupné <em>pacmanem</em> nebo <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Abs" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">abs</a> ).</p>
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